Farhad Sakhaee, School of Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation and Technology, Saint Louis University, USA; Email: farhad.sakhaee@slu.edu
Abstract
In this study, the formation of water surface profi les in subcritical and supercritical branches of alternate depths has been investigated in the presence of both an upward and downward obstacle, delta Z (Δz). The observations yielded an interesting result in the presence of both upward and downward obstacles in subcritical fl ow conditions. In subcritical fl ow conditions, the behavior is unusual, with an upward ΔZ. The water surface profi le drops down instead of moving upward. Conversely, in the presence of a downward ΔZ, the water surface profi le does not drop; instead, it rises according to the height of ΔZ. The reason for this strange behavior in the water surface profi le is presented mathematically as well as graphically, based on the energy depth diagram in detail. Keywords: Hydraulic jump, Energy Dissipation, Supercritical & Sub-critical Flow.
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