A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::open($save_path, $name) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::open(string $path, string $name): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 132

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::close() should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::close(): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 290

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::read($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::read(string $id): string|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 164

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::write($session_id, $session_data) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::write(string $id, string $data): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 233

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::destroy($session_id) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::destroy(string $id): bool, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 313

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Return type of CI_Session_files_driver::gc($maxlifetime) should either be compatible with SessionHandlerInterface::gc(int $max_lifetime): int|false, or the #[\ReturnTypeWillChange] attribute should be used to temporarily suppress the notice

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 354

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 282

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_cookie_params(): Session cookie parameters cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 294

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 304

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 314

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 315

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 316

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 317

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: ini_set(): Session ini settings cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 375

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_set_save_handler(): Session save handler cannot be changed after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 110

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Session cannot be started after headers have already been sent

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 143

Backtrace:

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/application/controllers/Site.php
Line: 8
Function: __construct

File: /home/u688923760/domains/msdpublications.com/public_html/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

MSD Publications

MSD Publications - Peer Review

MSD Publications’ publishing model departs from tradition but our peer-review process follows internationally accepted and well-established standards of double-blind review method. Research communities over the decades have experimented with several types of review practices in an attempt to improve ways to identify high-quality work while maintaining fairness and impartiality.

Review process is extremely important to ensure the quality and credibility of a journal, after much deliberation we decided that double-blind is the best approach to achieve our objectives. In this procedure, both the author’s and reviewers’ identities are hidden from each other. Concealing the author’s identity prevents any bias the reviewers may have due to the author’s prior reputation or lack thereof. Similarly, this arrangement prevents the authors from attempting in any way to influence the reviewers. Since both parties are anonymous the chances of conflicts of interest arising are much lower. It is widely agreed that double-blind method protects the interests of authors as well as reviewers since it focuses solely on the merit of a paper’s content.

The editor-in-chief chooses a team of reviewers in the respective field for each case while our editorial staff take additional steps to safeguard against any misconduct. Feedback provided by reviewers is relayed to the authors so they may address the issues raised and refine their work.

To preserve the integrity of our journals, all reviewers abide by the following rules.

  • Remain fair, impartial and withhold bias in judgement
  • Make decisions based on scientific merit
  • Declare any conflicts of interest to the editorial office
  • Always provide constructive comments or criticisms
  • Maintain anonymity as required by the review policy